Harriet Tubman

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Catherine Clinton is a teacher and historian who studied Afro-American Studies at Harvard University and received her Ph.D. from Princeton University. She has written more than 15 books including Civil War Stories, Half Sisters of History and I, Too, Sing America.

When the Civil War ended, Harriet Tubman had spent 15 years working with the Underground Railroad and the Union Army, mostly as an unpaid volunteer. Despite her financial struggles, she remained committed to helping African-Americans secure their rights, supporting freedmen’s schools, fundraising for the Salvation Army, and advocating for women’s suffrage. Her efforts earned her recognition, including being honored as a “living legend” by Susan B. Anthony in 1897. After marrying Nelson Charles Davis in 1869, Tubman supplemented her income by selling baked goods, but following his death in 1888, she relied on a small widow’s pension of $8 per month and the support of friends. In 1899, after persistent petitions by her friends, the government increased her pension to $20 per month, enabling her to establish the Harriet Tubman Home in 1908, a refuge for African-Americans in need. Despite the many uncertainties surrounding her life, including her birth year and family history, Tubman’s legacy as a fearless leader and advocate for freedom remains unparalleled.

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